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etching is also used in the printmaking industry to carve an image into a metal plate with acid. once the acid is applied to the metal it bores into the surface, leaving behind lines and rough areas.

the process of etching is believed to have begun with daniel hopfer of augsburg, germany in his profession as an armor maker. it took a while for the process to be applied to print making.

both copper and zinc have a thin coating resin layer that is resistant to acid, which makes them ideal metals to use for etching. a coating can be made of a waxy material for use with metals that do not naturally have a coating. to make the engravings and lines clearly visible through the resin the metal plates are usually smoked. the metal is then scratched with a sharp tool which exposes the metal surface without penetrating it.